Low-carbon fuels (LCFs) such as hydrogen, ammonia, and renewable synthetic fuels play important roles in the carbon-neutrality of future energy systems. This lecture reports our recent progresses in the fundamental combustion research of LCFs. Advances in experimental and diagnostic methods facilitated the understanding of reaction kinetics and combustion characteristics of representative LCFs, especially toward engine-relevant conditions. Methods on the developments and validations of the LCF kinetic models were proposed to achieve high-predictability and wide-applicability. Understanding, predicting, and regulating combustion chemistry of low-carbon fuels (LCFs) for carbon-neutral energy applications Low-carbon fuels (LCFs) such as hydrogen, ammonia, and renewable synthetic fuels play important roles in the carbon-neutrality of future energy systems. This lecture reports our recent progresses in the fundamental combustion research of LCFs. Advances in experimental and diagnostic methods facilitated the understanding of reaction kinetics and combustion characteristics of representative LCFs, especially toward engine-relevant conditions. Methods on the developments and validations of the LCF kinetic models were proposed to achieve high-predictability and wide-applicability. Combustion regulation strategies were also developed to regulate the reactivity of fuels and control the pollutant formation with special attentions on the simultaneous extension of stable combustion window and low emission window in ammonia combustion. A model combustor was adopted to verify the performance of the proposed strategies. Perspectives on the combustion of LCFs from fundamentals to applications are also presented. Prof. Yuyang Li obtained his PhD degree from University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) in 2010 and is now a professor and a vice dean at School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU). His research interests include combustion kinetics and dynamics, carbon-neutral energy and power research, novel combustion technologies, such as flame synthesis and plasma-assisted combustion. He has published more than 170 journal papers on Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, Accounts of Chemical Research, Combustion and Flame, Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, etc., with a citation number of more than 4500 times and an H-index of 40 recorded by Web of Science. He has been elected as a Fellow of the Combustion Institute (CI) and awarded the Research Excellence Award and the Bernard Lewis Fellowship of the CI, the 2022 Energy and Fuels Rising Stars by Energy & Fuels, State Natural Science Award (2nd Grade), the 16th China Youth Science and Technology Award, the 14th Wuzhonghua Outstanding Young Scholar Award of the Chinese Society of Engineering Thermophysics, etc. He serves or has served as a Colloquium Coordinator of the 40th International Symposium on Combustion (ISOC) and a Colloquium Co-Chair of the 38th and 39th ISOC, a Scientific Committee Member of the 1st and 2nd Symposium on Ammonia Energy (SOAE) and the Chair of the Local Organization Committee of the 3rd SOAE, a Board Member of the Combustion Section of the Chinese Society of Engineering Thermophysics, the Combustion Chemistry Section of the Chinese Chemistry Society and the Combustion Aerodynamics Section of the Chinese Aerodynamics Research Society, a Program Co-Chair of the China National Symposium on Combustion, a Section Editor-in-Chief of the SCI journal Applied Sciences, a Guest Editor of the “Ammonia Combustion” Virtual Special Issue of Applications in Energy and Combustion Sciences, etc. Combustion regulation strategies were also developed to regulate the reactivity of fuels and control the pollutant formation with special attentions on the simultaneous extension of stable combustion window and low emission window in ammonia combustion. A model combustor was adopted to verify the performance of the proposed strategies. Perspectives on the combustion of LCFs from fundamentals to applications are also presented.